218 / 2018-07-20 01:04:33

怀特海过程哲学视域下的英语教学过程设计Instructional Design of English Teaching Process From the Perspective of Process Philosophy

怀特海；过程哲学；英语教学；教学过程设计；过程原理

全体主题 > 中国特色英语教学研究

怀特海的过程哲学正蓬勃发展，其影响涉及到了哲学、宗教、科学、教育等诸多领域。过程原理、摄入原理、创造性原则是其哲学思想的部分经典内容。笔者试图将这三方面的思想引入教育学领域中的英语教学领域，希望可以改善以往教学设计的呆板与僵化。基于怀特海过程哲学的教学是动态生成且富有创造性的。动态生成的教学过程需要具备三个特征 ,即: 主体交替转换、节奏循环起伏、不平衡中创造。动态生成的教学过程是确定性与非确定性并存的。教学过程的基本环节大致设计为四个: 一是教师对教学目标的揭示; 学生肯定性摄入学习目标,并对学习活动发生导向作用在，最终达到自我发展。 二是教师对教学活动如何铺垫、点拨、诱导。 学生对学习内容的思考不断深入。 三是教师通过课堂检测,及时发现问题,及时有效反馈;学生对学习内容(在理解上、思维方法上)的反思。 四是教师诱导、促进学生对“有用”知识的系统化与联系化摄入;学生最终成为拥有智慧的“有血有肉”的人。动态生成的教学过程设计是由教学过程的内在逻辑结构沿着教学过程的基本环节而展开的。 教学过程的设计成果是一个弹性化方案。




Abstract
Whitehead's process philosophy is booming, and its influence involves many fields, such as philosophy, religion, science, education and so on. Principle of process, principle of ingestion and principle of creativity are some classical contents of his philosophy.By introducing these three ideas into Instructional Design of pedagogy, we hope to improve the rigidity and inflexibility of Instructional Design in the past. The teaching of process philosophy based on Whitehead is dynamic and creative.The teaching process of dynamic generation needs three characteristics: role exchange, situation fluctuation, and construction in imbalance.The teaching process of dynamic generation is both deterministic and non-deterministic. Therefore, the basic links of the teaching process are roughly designed as four: first, the teacher's response to the The teaching goal is revealed; the students affirmative ingestion of learning goals, and the guiding role of learning activities, and ultimately achieve self-development. second one is how the teacher's teaching activities to pave the way, dial, induce. Students' thinking of learning content is constantly deepening. The third ,the teacher through the classroom test, timely discovery of problems, timely and effective feedback; students The reflection on the content of learning (in understanding, thinking method). the last but the most,the teacher induction, promoting the students' systematized and linked ingestion of "useful" knowledge; the students eventually become the people who enjoy the life and learn from the life with wisdom. The design of the dynamic teaching process is from the inner of the teaching process. The logical structure is developed along the basic links of the teaching process. The design result of the teaching process is a elastic scheme.