908 / 2019-04-30 16:04:44

Characteristics and Dependencies of Methods for Reactance Error Elimination in Distance Relays

distance protection,impedance determination error,protection settings,reactance method

In evermore highly loaded transmission grids, conventional distance relays increasingly produce a reactance measurement error in the presence of non-zero fault resistances. There exist already several compensation approaches called reactance methods to decrease or eliminate the error resulting from high load flow and network inhomogeneity. However, it is not commonly known when it is necessary to choose reactance methods over conventional algorithms, how the different algorithms compare to each other and how their specific settings should be made. This paper reviews different approaches and systematically investigates their behavior towards all relevant factors, such as line length, fault resistance, load flow, short circuit power and network inhomogeneity. Moreover, the correct settings of parameters for the reactance methods are discussed.