Assessing sustainable intensification of cultivated land-use (SICL) and its influencing factors at the farming households scale: Evidence from Shandong Province, China
Promoting Sustainable Intensification of Cultivated Land-use (SICL) has become crucial to ensuring a sufficient supply of grain and important agricultural products, as well as the sustainable use of resources. Using typical areas of Shandong province as an example, this paper constructs an analytical scale and level framework for SICL. It measures the level of SICL through material flow analysis (MFA), constructs Tobit models to analyze the influencing factors of SICL at the farmer scale, and analyzes the transition mechanisms of SICL. The results show that the overall level of SICL in Shandong province is low, and that spatial distribution is uneven. There are relatively more farmers participating in unsustainable intensification than in medium or low levels of SICL, with farmers working to a high level of SICL making up the smallest proportion. The factors that determine whether farmers are working at different levels of SICL vary significantly. Farmers operating at a high level of SICL include more males than females, and are relatively young. At the same time, the size of the cultivated area of land, the degree of land fragmentation, the distance to the nearest town, the level of SICL and the SICL processes are closely related to the time and space scales. Based on the above analysis, it is necessary to clarify the standard processes of SICL to adapt them to local conditions. It is also necessary to improve all relevant policies, guide managers to improve resource utilization, increase the sustainable development ability of cultivated land.