Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a predominant etiology of chronic liver disease on a global scale. Recent research has elucidated a strong correlation between NAFLD and the gut-liver axis. This investigation aims to analyze the impact of high-fat diet (HFD) and methionine-choline deficient diet (MCD) induced NAFLD models on intestinal microvasculature and permeability. Utilizing photoacoustic microscopy, alterations in intestinal microvasculature were monitored at various stages of the NAFLD models. Additionally, fluorescence imaging was utilized to evaluate intestinal permeability and gut-liver circulation. Fluorescent immunostaining of ZO-1 and PV-1 was performed to validate the influence of NAFLD on the gut-vascular barrier. Findings suggest that NAFLD results in heightened intestinal inflammation and microvessel proliferation, accompanied by a marked elevation in intestinal permeability as the disease advances. The group subjected to MCD diet exhibited more pronounced alterations in intestinal inflammation and permeability, possibly attributable to early inflammatory reactions triggered by the MCD diet. Furthermore, NAFLD has been shown to induce injury to the epithelial cell layer of the gut mechanical barrier, decrease expression of tight junction proteins, and enhance permeability of the intestinal mucosal and vascular barriers. This research elucidates the impact of NAFLD on the intestinal milieu through the gut-liver axis, offering novel perspectives and treatment approaches for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.