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Exploring the Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities of Marine Natural Products: Delving into Mangrove Endophytes

Mangrove; Endophytic Fungi; Natural Products

Purpose: Research on mangrove endophytic fungi and their metabolites, enrich marine microbial resources, and provide references for the development and utilization of marine bioactive natural products. Methods: The endophytic fungi of four mangrove plant species were isolated and cultured by tissue separation approach, and further identified by ITS sequence analysis. The ¹H NMR-guided isolation strategy was employed to the metabolites of these strains. Results: A total of twenty-five strains were isolated and identified, which could be classified into six genera and ten species. Neofusicoccum sp. and Phomopsis sp. were found to be the dominant species, and Pseudofusicoccum sp. was isolated from Sonneratia apetala for the first time. Chemical investigation of the methanol extract of the culture broth of this strain, led to the isolation of 39 marine natural products. A compound exhibited cytotoxic activities of two cancer cell lines HL-60 and SW480. Conclusion: The chemical diversity and biological activities of mangrove-derived endophytes will pave the way to investigate the fundamental biological processes while providing a tremendous amount of natural products to drug discovery.