In order to study the law of surface subsidence under complex working conditions such as mining in mountainous areas, a software and hardware system of 3D equivalent material simulation experiment was developed. Through the steps of structure design, bearing capacity analysis and workshop processing, a set of practical 3D similar material simulation bench was constructed. The monitoring model of close-range industrial photogrammetry system was adopted, and the experimental data analysis software integrating coordinate transformation, same point-matching, displacement analysis and other functions was developed, which laid the foundation for the efficient development of the experiment. The 3D equivalent material simulation experiment system can directly simulate the distribution pattern of subsidence contour line, residual subsidence contour line and surface crack in all terrain conditions, which has important technical support for obtaining comprehensive mining subsidence law.