Water production in the watershed is closely related to human production and life. However, the occurrence of extreme hydrological events has a significant impact on the hydrological cycle in the watershed. Therefore, the study of water production in the watershed is particularly important. We take the Xiangjiang River Basin (Hunan section) as the research object, using the InVEST model and the ArcGIS platform Quantitative assessment of water production, based on the land use data, meteorological data, soil data, DEM data, etc. in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, the water production in the study area in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 were 666.47mm, 543.37mm, 705.94mm, and 1153.74mm, respectively, and their temporal and spatial changes were as follows: (1) The water production in the study area first decreased After the increase, the overall trend is increasing.The water production in the central and western parts of the study area (northwest of Hengyang City) and southeast (east of Chenzhou City) is higher, while that in the south and northeast is lower.According to the data requirements of the InVEST model, the data imported into the InVEST model are verified. It is concluded that when Z=15, the model simulation effect is the best. (2) Through attribution analysis, the most influential factor for water production is rainfall, followed by actual evaporation. Among them, the relationship between water production and rainfall is obviously positive (p> 0.5), and the relationship between evapotranspiration is obviously negative (p <-0.5). In addition, changes in land use also have an impact on water production in the study area, among which changes in cultivated land (p = -0.935), forest and grassland (p = -0.880) and construction land (p = 0.929) have significant correlations with water production. Through research, we hope to contribute to the ecological environment and water production services of the Xiangjiang River Basin.