Spatial planning for marine use in coastal zones is essential for the sustainable development of this region. Different from land-based spatial planning, coastal marine use is characterized by land-sea interaction, marine use competition, and cooperation of multi-stakeholders both from land and sea. Traditional methods generally focus on evaluating suitable areas for individual stakeholders without considering the spatial interactions between stakeholders of land and sea in marine use to plan the overall layout. In this paper, we used the Discrete Global Grid System to establish a unified spatial framework for land-sea spatial calculation and data integration. Four spatial criteria of land-sea compatibility, marine suitability, marine neighborhood compatibility, and compactness are designed for the spatial game theory’s utility function to quantify the coastal multi-stakeholder interaction. Based on this, the spatial planning methods for the non-cooperative and cooperative marine use layout in coastal zones are developed further. We conducted a sensitivity analysis and performed a case study in Jiangsu province. The model exhibits robustness to different initial states and can plan the comprehensive layout of the coastal marine use. The planned cooperation layout can effectively identify the potential cooperative regions and their partners, and a case study proves its effectiveness. In addition, we introduce the digital twin system built around this model to support more efficient decision-making.

coastal marine use, spatial planning model