16 / 2024-10-09 19:40:54

Itch and Skin Infections in Canines and Humans: A One Health Approach

Environmental skin allergens, such as dust mites, pet fur, pollen, and molds, can trigger allergic reactions in humans and canines, leading to conditions like allergic or atopic dermatitis, which often causes itching. Atopic dogs frequently experience recurrent skin infections, predominantly caused by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, similar to human atopic dermatitis, where Staphylococcus aureus is commonly responsible for recurrent infections. S. pseudintermedius is a conditionally pathogenic zoonotic bacterium commonly detected in multiple animal species, particularly dogs. Recently, reports of human infections stemming from canine-derived S. pseudintermedius have been rising. The widespread use of antibiotics has exacerbated resistance, with methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius becoming more prevalent, making treatment increasingly challenging. Therefore, the objectives of the research are to explore the mechanisms underlying itch and skin infections in both canines and humans, develop novel drugs for treating itch in these species, and investigate natural plant-based alternatives to antibiotics for the treatment of skin infections. Our approaches are mainly focused on two parts. In the mechanism research part, we aim to explore the involvement of sphingolipids in itch and skin infection in the context of canine and human atopic dermatitis and pyoderma. Results will show that sphingolipids may regulate atopic dermatitis and pyoderma symptoms in canines and humans. They may modulate itch by affecting calcium concentration in the dorsal root ganglia. In the novel drugs development part, we aim to develop novel topical drugs for treating itch and antibiotic alternatives for zoonotic bacterial infections. The expected outcomes will show that Sphingolipids may regulate atopic dermatitis and pyoderma symptoms in canines and humans. Results will show that the topical drugs of Traditional Chinese Medicines may show strong anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic effects, and they may effectively prevent secondary bacterial infections. To address the rising threat of antibiotic resistance and zoonotic infections, we must adopt a One Health approach. We urge collaboration to explore novel treatments for pyoderma and develop plant-based alternatives to antibiotics. By working together, we can reduce reliance on antibiotics, prevent secondary infections, and improve the health of both humans and animals.