In order to solve the problem of the rational allocation of the each individual event time cost and reliability of equipment support activity, which makes the optimal of time-consuming and reliability of overall support activity, the optimal model of two-stage with inheritance relationship is built, namely model of time optimization stage and reliability optimization stage. In time optimization stage the improved ant colony optimization was used, the pheromone update rules based rank weight, adaptive adjustment of evaporation coefficient, crossover and mutation of GA (genetic algorithm, GA) was introduced into the design, the convergence property and global search capability of ant colony optimization were improved. In the second stage, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the reliability of the results of the first stage. Finally, by modeling and analysis of equipment support activity procedures, improved ant colony optimization was better than the traditional ant colony optimization in convergence property and global optimization, the optimization of the time and reliability of the support activity is realized through the two stage optimization model designed in this paper.