Objective to observe the role of arthroscopy ankle arthrodesis minimally invasive treatment of ankle under the curative effect of traumatic arthritis. Methods a retrospective analysis in January 2016 to December 2017 in our hospital for minimally invasive and open ankle arthrodesis of the clinical data of 26 cases of traumatic ankle arthritis patients, the treatment is divided into different minimally invasive group (10 cases) and open group (16 cases), compared two groups of patients after 6 months and 1 year of osseous fusion rate and the American association of foot and ankle surgeons (AOFAS) after the ankle and foot function score. Results after 6 months, the minimally invasive group of osseous fusion rate was 80.0% (8/10), 31.3% higher than that of the open group (5/16), the difference was statistically significant (chi-square = 5.850, P = 5.850). Two groups of patients in postoperative 1 all achieve bony fusion. After six months, two groups of patients after AOFAS ankle and foot function score differences had no statistical significance (P > 0.05); For 1 years postoperatively, the minimally invasive group AOFAS score (75.3-2.7), significantly higher than the open group (68.8-2.5), the difference was statistically significant (chi-square = 7.568, P < 0.001). Conclusion ankle arthrodesis under arthroscopy in improving early osseous fusion rate and improve the function of ankle is open ankle arthrodesis.