In order to explore the influencing factors of coal mine safety production, using the method of literature review, combined with the three types of hazards of coal production process, 18 factors affecting safety of coal mine production were summarized, and index system was established factors affecting coal mine safety production. Based on the questionnaire investigations from 364 miners of 2 coal mines,and making use of SPSS21.0, the questionnaire data were analyzed. In addition, the weights of indexes at three levels were determined by factor analysis. On the basis of determination of weights, importance degree of the factors were studied theoretically, and then put forward the corresponding measures. Result shows that the influence of unsafe behavior of human in coal mines is the largest,followed by organizational management factors, coal mine inherent risk, unsafe status of articles and environmental insecurity.