The 4th Annual IEEE CogSIMA 2014 conference continues to expand the research domain of cognitive situation management that was established by the previous conferences in 2011-2013. The aim of the CogSIMA conference is to provide a venue for presenting scientific results of multi-disciplinary studies specific to complex heterogeneous dynamical systems that include humans, computer systems and physical systems whose behaviors depend on situations. The goal of the CogSIMA conference is to bring together academic, industry, and military researchers in the fields of Computer Science, Human Factors, Cognitive Science and Experimental Psychology to develop interdisciplinary approach to situation awareness and decision support systems. Examples of such systems include complex terrestrial, marine and satellite communication networks, physical and cyber security systems, humanitarian assistance and disaster recovery systems, Earth observation and operations support systems, intelligent transportation systems, smart grid power networks, tactical battlefield command and control systems, and many others.